分詞 (困難版 放在名詞後面 修飾名詞 也就是當形容詞 )

分詞就用來修飾名詞用的。

一般的分詞放在名詞前面。
分為兩種: 主動 和被動。

1.主動類型的分詞     使用ving

ex:  A flying bird is free.  

fly 本來是動詞 但現在做為分詞使用所以，變成了形容詞，放在 bird的前面 形容一隻飛翔的小鳥。

使用Ving 是因為飛翔是主動的。

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2.被動類型的分詞    使用 P.P.

ex:  A  caught lion  is not free.

catch 本來是動詞 但現在做為分詞使用，所以變成了形容詞，放在 lion的前面 形容一隻被抓的獅子。

使用P.P. 是因為被抓是被動的。

進階版的分詞放在名詞後面。

首先:先認識形容詞子句長什麼樣子。

The girl who has  long hair is Kelly.

這句話本來可以很一般的變成:

The girl is Kelly.

但今天我們想要在多形容一下這個女孩 於是加上了可以修飾名詞的形容詞子句 who has a long

來修飾名詞 The girl。

進階版的分詞就是，把形容詞子句換個包裝。
進階版的分詞一樣有兩種: 主動 跟 被動

1.主動類型:

ex:  The girl who has  long hair is Kelly.

改變形容詞子句: who has along hair  分兩個步驟。

1.把子句中的主詞 who 給去掉。

2.把子句中的動詞 has 改成 having.

最後變成分詞: The girl having long hair is Kelly.

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2.被動類型:

ex:  The girl who is punished by dad is Kelly.

改變形容詞子句: who is punished by dad 分三個步驟。

1.把子句中的主詞 who 給去掉。

2.把子句中的Be動詞 is 改成 being 

3.把 being   省略掉  (一定省略)。

最後變成分詞:   The girl punished by dad is Kelly.

到這邊你應該了解一般版 跟 困難版 的分詞用法了 !!!!

接下來要教你，快速解題!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

不過在那知前請先認識，及物動詞和不及物動詞，在接下來看 下面的東西。

先來看一下 及物動詞的範例

主動型態的句子 及物動詞後面都有一個名詞

He sold the house. 
He is selling the house.
He has sold the house 

這三句 及物動詞 sell 後面 都放上了 the house


再來看一下被動型態的及物動詞

the house was sold  後面不需要受詞 

快速解法:

1.先判斷動詞 是及物還不及物
2.如果是及物動詞，看一下動詞後面放的是名詞 就直接選 選Ving，放的不是名詞就直接選PP
3.如果不是及物動詞 直接選Ving

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The lesson ---- by the teacher this morning is an unusually long one .

(A) being assinged
(B) assigned
(C) to be assigned

(D) assigned

答案B

速解:

assign 指定   是及物動詞 ，後面接的是介系詞 by ，不是名詞 所以用PP

正常解法:
原句: The lesson which was assigned by the teacher this morning is an unusually long one.
which was assigned by the teacher 是形容詞子句，修飾前面的 lesson

想要把形容詞子句改成分詞架構的句子:
1.去掉 which
2. was 改成 being
3. 把being 省略

得到 :  The lesson assigned by the teacher this morning is an unusually long one .

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One comes from the Greek word catadupa, ----------- "waterfall".

(A) means
(B) meant
(C) meaning

(D) it means

注意 "waterfall" 在引號內 不管多少個字都視為一個名詞。

答案: C

速解:

 mean   是及物動詞 ，後面接的是名詞 waterfall ，所以用 ving

正常解法:
原句: One comes from the Greek word catadupa, which means "waterfall".
which means "waterfall".是形容詞子句，修飾前面的 catadupa

想要把形容詞子句改成分詞架構的句子:
1.去掉 which
2. means改成 meaning


得到 :  The lesson assigned by the teacher this morning is an unusually long one .

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The speaker, --------  for her speeches, was a warmly received by the audience

(A) having known
(B) being know
(C) knowing

(D) know

注意 主詞後面有逗點，下個逗點後的第一個字一定是動詞


答案: D

速解:

 know  是及物動詞 ，後面接的是介系詞 for ，所以用 pp

正常解法:
原句: The speaker, who was known  for her speeches, was a warmly received by the audience.
who was known  for her speeches是形容詞子句，修飾前面的 The speaker

想要把形容詞子句改成分詞架構的句子:
1.去掉 who
2. was改成 being
3. 把being 省略


得到 :  The speaker, known  for her speeches, was a warmly received by the audience.

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The number of athletes -------- in the Summer paralympic Games has increase from 400 athletes from 23 countries in 1960 to 3,806 athletes from 136 countries 2004.

(A) participate
(B) participated
(C) participating

(D) to participate

答案: C

速解:

 participate 不是及物動詞  ，直接用 ving

正常解法:
原句: The number of athletes who participated in the Summer paralympic Games has increase.......

who participated in the Summer paralympic Games has increase.......是形容詞子句，修飾前面的 althletes

想要把形容詞子句改成分詞架構的句子:
1.去掉 who
2. participated改成 participating


得到 :  The number of athletes participating in the Summer paralympic Games has increase.......

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